Monday, April 12, 2010

Killshot

I heard a piece on NPR about the Wikileaks controversy where a video from an Apache helicopter shows the U.S. military killing a number of people, including two reporters for Reuters.

The discussion was about how new military methods have almost turned war into a video game, removing soldiers physically and also emotionally from what they're doing so that they feel less when they kill.

Is this really the case? In some ways, this is the aim of the military. It's not a soldier's job to determine if the mission is correct, it's his job to carry out commands. He has some discretion, of course. The military doesn't want zombies, but people who think on their feet. But short of not doing something clearly wrong, it is a soldier's job to kill on command.

But does that mean that turning a soldier's job into playing a (very real) video game makes it easier to kill? I question this. They're still human beings, and they understand what they're doing is for keeps.

Let's put it this way. For a long time, the military has been coming up with more efficient and deadly ways to kill (while protecting their own people better). But looking at history, I don't notice wars being somehow less bloody when they were more face-to-face. The first half of the twentieth century saw millions die, and we didn't have "video games" back then. Even before innovations like planes, and guns, when it was hard (by today's standards) to kill, usually by stabbing or clubbing or hacking, there were countless deaths in battle. Indeed, anthropological evidence suggests when humans were living in smaller tribes they were more likely to die of violence than in today's world.

So yes, we train our soldiers to kill, and kill as efficiently as possible. But while the weapons may be more horrible, I doubt the soldiers are. It may be their job, but I don't think it's become a more casual thing.

2 Comments:

Anonymous Anonymous said...

Training for war is about replacing ordinary decent humanity with machine like amoral efficiency. Those guys would have just as likely beat the reporters with clubs but technology can greatly speed up the size of the body count.

6:31 AM, April 12, 2010  
Anonymous Lawrence King said...

I think the big psychological change between 20th century wars and previous wars arose from the fact that we have removed blood and guts from most civilian life. I eat at McDonald's regularly, but I have never seen an animal slaughtered.

In the two World Wars, millions of soldiers saw human blood and guts everywhere. And a significant fraction of them (at least in Western Europe) had never seen anything like that. It was shocking, and then after a few years they were told "Stop butchering people, and return to your previous life putting labels on soup cans in a factory."

I think this accounts for the significant numbers of shell shock* cases after these wars. They return to the factory, but can't really fit in because a part of their mind remembers the horrors, which don't have anywhere to fit in their daily lives.

But there is also a flip side to this: a much smaller number who love the carnage and choose not to return to bourgeois life. Despite all the German soldiers who hated the first world war, a small number loved it and didn't want it to end, and after the Armistice they joined the various Freikorps mercenary bands, or the Nazi or Communist party stormtroopers. They wanted more action, and found it in streetfighting.

* George Carlin once traced the evolution of this term. In World War I it was "shell shock". Two words, two syllables, and the meaning is obvious. In World War II it was "battle fatigue" -- still two words, but twice as many syllables. In Vietnam it became "post-traumatic stress syndrome".

8:54 PM, April 12, 2010  

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